</Ǫ(www.webegt.com)/Gallery/̼ å/2020 12 1>

<̼ å(34)>

̼ å ġ鼭

2018 1 <̼å> 3⸸ ⿡ Ѵ.

ڿԴ ſ ϴ õ ε ۾̾ ׷ ڵ鿡 åȯ ϴµ ʾҳ ϴ ƽ μ ߹ ⿴ٰ .

̹ Ͽ ̼ Ϲݿʹ ޸ ΰ踦 鼭 Ǯ ̶ ٴ װ ⿡ ô پ ִٰ .

߿ Ѿưٰ δ ô ߿伺 , δ ظ ʿϴ 鿡 ۸ ٽ Ĺ鼭 ϰ Ұϴ Ҵ. ڵ پ ̼ ȣ ڱϿٸ ϴ ٶ̴.

ڿ Ȯ 縦 Ͽ ȭ ̷ Ƹٿ Ϸ ̼ ¿ ۵ ̼۾ ΰ ǥϷ λ Ǵ Ǹ ̼ Ӱ Ϸ ο õ Դ. ο ô Բ 󸶳 ο õ õɷ . .
ɱϿ ׵ ٷ Ҵ. () Ǿ ϱ ٶ.

ô ̼
׸ ̼
θ ̼
ƾ ̼
߼ ̼
ʱ ׻ ̼
׻ ̼
ġ ׻ ̼
ųʸ
׵ Ȳݽô ̼
ٷũ ̼
̼
̼
̼
̼
λ ̼
ı λ ̼
λ ̼
Ƹ ̼
ǥ ̼
߼ ̼
ü ̼
̷ ̼
̼
ٴ ̼
̼
̼
߻ ǥ ̼
̼( Ʈ)
̼
ִ ǥ(̴ϸ)̼
̼
̵ ũ Ʈ
ġ鼭


̵ ũ (Media Technology Art)


̵ ũ 1960 ַ , ǻ ڸü ̿Ͽ ð Ӱ κ ο ְ ư ȣ ̼ ǹϸ , ֱ ̼ ֵ 帧 Īϴ .

̵ 縦 극 η 縦 ߸ Ŀ μ߸ ׸ û ñ Logosphere, Graphpophere, Videosphere ũ ϸ, Ư ״ 丣 ۰ Ҿ ̹ κ ? ȯǾٰ . ٲ 1839 ߸ Ҿ ۵Ǿ, 1895 ȭ -, 1968 ÷ ڷ ̾, ̴ ٽ 1980 Ƴα׿ з ȯѴ.

̹ ΰ شȭ ְ ο ̹ 籸 ̷ ǥ ɷ ̼ ǥ ׸ŭ Ȯϰ ְ ε ׷ Ѵ.

ڸü ȯ ȭ ȭϿ 纻 , ۰ Ÿ ð ؽ Ƽ ü踦 ر״.

Ʈ 1930 Ż ̷ڿ ƼƼ ߵ 1959 극Ʈ ʷ õǾ ߴ. ᱹ 1962, ѱ 鳲 ȸ ʴǾ ó Ͽ.

ǻͿ ũ ߴ޿ پ ü ο ǥ Ʈ ο 鿡 ̸ ǿ ü, ٸ Ĺ´̼ õ 鳲 < , ̽ > 迡 ˷ȴ.

̵ ũ Ʈ ɼ о̴. װ 򰡹 ΰ ƴϸ ̴ ǰ ϰ ΰ
ɰ̴. ׷ ο ̸ âϷ ΰ پ Ȱ͸ иϴ.

鳲 ѱ » Ʈ , ۰, ̴. ̴. ̱ Ƽ 븥 Ϻ ̱ ÷θ ֹ̾̿ ѹα £ ַ ״ ü Ȱ Ͽ.

¸ ̽ ѱ » ̱ ȹ ΰ ߰ ̴. ̱ ð 1984 1 1 ۵Ǿ. ̸ ¸ ̽ Ҽ 1984 ڷ ߸ü ϸ ̶ Ʋȴٴ Ҵ.


̼(Conceptual Art)


̼ ڼ 50 Ͽ ̶ ׻ θ Ǵܵ ʴ´ٴ ־.

̶̼ ϳ ִ  ƴ϶ Ÿ Ŀϸ鼭 ̱ ÿ ´. ̳俹, Ǵ Ͽµ װ͵ ⱳ 뼼迡 Ͻϰ ִ.

Ǵ ̼ ġ ְ ޴´ٴ ϸ鼭 ٸ â۾ ϰ ִµ  緡 ġ ִ ǰ̶ ̵ ֹ õ , 񵥿 (land Art) ׸ Ƹ ִ. ̷ Ÿ ΰ ð ̶ ߿ ʴٴ ̷ ϰ ִ.

ǰ ų, Ͻ ġǰ Ǵ ٸ ǰ ڵ ׵ Ѱ踦 Ȯϰų ֵ Ѵٰ Ѵ. ׵ ̶ а, ɰѵ Ȯǰ ִµ .

1960 1979 ο Ǽ踦 ǰ ϸ鼭 θ Ǿ.  ϳ ׸ Ǵ ̳ ġ鿡 ۽̱⵵ Ͽ. ׸ ̳ Ǵ ٵ ġ ؼ ڽŵ ǥϿ.


*<Im Desperate> by Giiian Wearing,1992-1993 ˹̴Ͽ c-type print
119x79 cm Maureen Paley, London, UK

(Gillian Wearing) ǰ "I'm Desperate" ø ϴ. 緡 ǰ ٸ ۰ Ϸ ĺ ѷϴ.

׿ܿ JOSEPH kOSUTH, MICHAEL CRAIG-MARTIN, MARTIN CREED ׸ TRACEY EMIN ǥ Ű ִ.


 

̴ϸָ(Minimalism, ִ ǥ)

̴ϸָ(minimalism) ܼ ߱ϴ ȭ E ü ο ƴϴ. 1960-70 ̱ ð , ߽ Ͼ, ⱳ ϰ ٺ ǥϷ Ư ¸ ϴ ȭ Īϴ Ǿ.

忡 ۵ ̴ϸָ ߻ ǥǿ ϳ ݵ ܳ ڷ Ѵٴ ̵ ϰ ִ. ǿ Ʈ ̴ϸָ ̾, , ȭ, , о߿ ̷ Ȱϰ Ǿ.

̴ϸ Ʈ ۰ ְ ν 繰 Ư ϰ Ѵ. Ư ʿ ҵ Ͽ, ּ ϰ 븸 ǥϴ ܼ ̼ǰ ָ ̷. ̴ϸָ ̼ ǰ âۿ ۰ ְ ּȭϷ Ͽ ̸ ڷ Ͽ ǰ (繰 Ư) ü ΰ Ѵ. ó ̴ϸָ ̼ǰ (ΰ , ۰ ̳) ǥϰų ʰ ǰ ϰ ٿ ư Ѵ. ǥ ۰δ ũ ڶ, ε , ιƮ 𸮽 ִ.

п ̴ϸָ ̴ϸָ Ҽ Ÿµ, ʿ  ִ ܽ ̻ ŭ 信 Ҽ Ѵ. ׷ ۰ ּ ǥ߰, ڴ ణ ǹ̿ ؾ߸ ߴ.   Ҽ 迭 Ѵ.

 

Untitled, Donald Judd, 1968
Enamel on aluminum
55.9 x 127 x 95.3 cm
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, USA


̴ϸָ õ ̱ . ǰ, Judd ׿ Ȯ ߱Ͽ.̴ϸָƮ ǰ Ǵ ϳ ݺϴ װ͵ ϸ鼭 ܼ 迭 ġ ̷ ش Ѵ. Ϲ Ŀٶ Ը ǰ ǥ ԰ غϰ Ȯ Ģ Ѵ.

 

Frank Stella , Black Series II,1959-1960
Lithograph on paper
331 X 559 mm

ũ ʸ ڶ ȭ, , μ ڷμ ׸ ϰ ˷ ̱ ̴. ̴ϸָ ȸȭ ߻ȭ о߿ .1970 The Museum of Modern Art ȸ ֿ ȭ. ״ ܼ 1 ޷ Ʈ Ͽ ڽ Black Paintings (1958-60) ܿ 23 . ǰ ̴ϸָ ʰǾ. " ٷ Դϴ " ø ״ .

 

 


 

̼(Performance Art)

̷, ٴ, پ 鿡 Ļ ̼ پ ̼ ϸ鼭 ߵ鿡 ̼ ־.

̷ ȭ ߵ տ ׵ , ٴ ȭ ư ǰ , ׸ ȭ ƹ氡 ǰ 뿡 ÷ , ̼ ִ ޾Ƶ鿩.

1957 ̱ ˶ īο(Allan Kaprow, 1927-2006) ̼ (Happenings)̶ Ͽµ  پ ̼鿡 Ͽ äõǸ鼭 ״ ϰ Ǿ. Ư ü ߾ ʱ ̼ ü̼(Body Art) ҷ. ̼ 1960븦 Ͽ Ŀ ʰ پ ̼鿡 ޸ ؼǰ ǥǸ鼭 ð Ͽ Դ. ̼ǰ ۿ 糪 ǽĿ ̸ ſ پϸ δ ݺDZ⵵ ϰ δ (ٴ ) Ȳϱ⵵ δ ¸ ⵵ϸ鼭 Ʈ ߹ȭ ȴ.

* ʱ ̼ 轼 ׸ ִ 1950 ۰ Hans Namuth(1915-1990) 鿡 ޾Ҵ. ٸ پ ̼ ̶ۡ ͵ ִµ  Ҽ ̽ ٸ ȣѴ. ۵鿡 ȸ, ġ 鿡 ԵǾ ִ.

*I Like America and America Likes Me by Ҽ ̽(Joseph Bouys), 1975
̱ Reno Block Gallery ϵ ڿ׿ յ Caroline Tisdall ̴.

,̷а̸ ۰ ׸ ġ̼, ̼ ̽(1921-1986) 20 Ĺ ִ ȭ ϳ̴.

Ҽ ̽1950 1980 ̱ ȰϿ. Ȱü Fluxus͵ 踦 ΰ ־ ȸȭ, ׸,  Ͽ ϴ. ״ ϸ ۰ ο ġ ȿ ִ° ŽϿ. ̽ ġ ڵ Բ ȸ Ȱ 踦 帮 Ͽ.

* ٸ ǰ *The End of the Twentieth Century>1983, Tate Modern, London UK ִ -20 1983 Ժθũ ȣ Joseph Beuys ġ Դϴ. װ ũ Ǿ , շ ֽϴ


 

Ʈ(Pop Art, ߹̼)

2 Һǿ ̵ ڱ Ʈ 忡 ߴϿ.

1956 忡 ,pop̶ ܾ American̶ Ϲ(1922-2011) ݶ(COLLAGE, ̳ ٿ ׸ ̼ . Ǵ ׷ ׸) ó ٿ. ȸ ȸ ȭ ٿ õ ׸ ؼ õ 뷮 ǰ, ׸ ߿ ȭʹ Ǵ ߹ȭ Ǿٴ ̵ ׸ ̾.

Ŀ 鵵 ׵ ǰ ȭ ؼϸ鼭 ߻ ǥǿ ׵ ݴǰ ǥϿ.

Һǿ Ǹ ϸ鼭 ˷ , , ȭ ij, Ĺ ̳, ֳϰ ġѼ ̵ Ƽ 鿡 äο ̹ ´. ̼ ǵ ٸ Ʈ Ͽ, ϱ 쳪 ⱳ õȴ.

ı 2 ȸ Ǹ ϰ ǿ ̸ 帮 Ͽ.

*⼺ ް ٸ Ʈ 2 ´ ׸ θ α⸦ Ǹ ݿϿ. 빮ȭ ؼ Ҽϸ鼭 װͿ ߸鼭 Ʈ Dada  ϸ鼭 г ʴ´. ǰ ο 뼼 ο 븦 ϸ鼭 ׷ ġ ִ.

*罺 Խ(Jasper Johns,) <ʵ , Flag on Orange Field,> 1957


ĵ ڽƽ(ȭ, ҿ ޱ ׸ ׸)

167.6 x124.4 cm
Museum Ludwig, Cologne,
Gemany

 

 

罺 Խ ޿ ̱⸦ ̱⸦ ׷ȴ.

߻̼ ִ 1950뿡 ν ȷḦ ׸ ϴ ȭ(wax encaustic) ǥ ָ ޾Ҵ.ȭ θ ġ Ʈ ̼ ̴.

׸ ִ ܼ ׸ Ư ϼ ߻ǥ . ̱ ȸ ̸ ٷ Ź 縦 ĵ ߶ ȭ ߰ſ ν ϼߴ.

ǥ ⸦ ǥ߱⿡ 1958 īڸ ȭ ù , ߡ ֱ ǰ ⵵ ߴ.

ƮƮ ̹ ŷ ߡ ̱ (Stars and Stripes) ǥ ߡ ǰ ֱ 1983⿡ ϼ ̶ Ͽ.


*ó ع(Richard Hamilton) ڶ <Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing?> 1956

ȭ ع 1956⿡ ڶ(̳ ٿ ׸ ̼,) ׸ ȴ ׸ ȸ <This is Tomorrow> īŸα ǥȭ ̴. 򰡵̳ 簡 ȸ ʷ Ʈ ǰ ٰ ϰ ڶ ȸ ͷε Ǿ.

ַ ̱ Ͽ <Ladies Home Journal> Ͽٰ ϸ ģ 3 Բ ̵ ¥´ٰ ϴµ Ʈ 򰡹ް ִ.

Size 26xm X 24.8 cm(10.25 in X 9.75 cm), Ͽ ִ Kunsthalle Tubingen,

Ǿ ִ.


 

÷ ʵ(Color field)

1940뿡 ó ۵ ȭdz Ϸ Ư¡ ϴ ߻ ǥ ȭdz̴. Ŀ Į ʵ θ ˷.

3 ̱ ߻ǥ ȭ ũ ε(Mark Rothko),ٳ (Barnett Newman)   ũ ƿ(Clifford Still)  1950 1960 ǰ Ǿ  '÷ ʵ á ̸鼭 ߻ȭ ټ ܻ ȭdz Ѵ.

ô Ÿ ÷ ʵ ߻ ǥ Ӱ ȭ Ư ȭdz ڶ ̴. ̵ ȭ ׵ ĵ ϳ, Ǵ 컶 ڿ(ȭ) ̿ ī 𼭸 ״ ΰ 帴ϰ Ͽ ׵ ׸ صǵ ε簡  ︮ .

κ Į ʵ ȭ ſ ̰ , ϴ ؼ ҵ ϰ ϰ ϸ ϵ ַ ǵ ߻ ׸ Ͽ.

̵ ϰ ܼϸ鼭 dzӰ ׷ ǰ .

ƴ а ŬƮ ׸(Clement Greenberg,1909-1994) Įʵ  Ư ϸ鼭 װ â̰ ٸ ̳ ν ʹ ο ̶ Ͽ.

1960  ﷻ ˵, 𸮽 ̽, ɳ׽ η, ˹ ,   ǰ ϰ ߻ ÷ ʵ ߴ.   , ȭ Ǵ װͰ õ ſ ̰ ȸȭ̰ų Ѵٴ ߻ǥǿ ٸ.

1960 κ , Ϸ, ̽   ǰ ÷ ʵ ũ ߴ.

*ũ ε(Mark Rothco) <(Untitled),1949>

Oil on canvas,

206.7X168.6cm

National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. USA

þ ̱ ǥ Mark Rothko ׸̴. ñ Rothko ٸ ǰ 򰥸 ȴ. 2014 ⿡ ͸ ڰ Untitled 6,600 ޷ ߴ.

Įʵ ȭ  ̳ ϸ鼭 ׵ ĵ ü ׷־. ̳߰ ʰ 鿡 鼭 ۰ µ ̴ ǰ ְ̰ ȯ÷ ǵ ִ.

ٳ (Barnett Newman) ų(Achilles)

Achilles 1952

oil and acrylic resin on canvas
overall:
241.6 x 201 x 5.7 cm (95 1/8 x 79 1/8 x 2 1/4 in.)
National Gallery of Art n View: East Building, Upper Level - Gallery 407B

 

ٳ Ǯ ̹ ¾ » ̱ ״ ö ϰ ۰ ⵵ Ͽ. ߻ ǥ ֿ ι ϳ ְ ÷ ʵ ȭ . ׸ 뿡 ־ ̸ , 簨 ߼ Ϸ и ǵ Ǿ.

 


 

߻ ǥ(Abstract Expressionism)1943-1965

2 ĺ ־ ̱ ġ, ׸ ȭ ġ ־.

1943 1950 ߹ݱ ߻ǥǴ ̱ ģ ù °  иϰ ڸ ű Ͽ. ٲ. ġ ҷȴ ߻ǥǴ 1940 ߹ݿ ȸ ȸ ˷. ׵ ־ ٹ ޶ ϰ 踦 ΰ ִ Ҽ ׸̾. ǿ ޾Ҵٰ ִ ׵ ̸, ǥ źϴ ʳ ȿ ̱ Ư¡ λ (National Arts)̶ ̱Ȱ ׸ ȴ.

2  ߱µ Ǿ. Ȥ ϴ ̵ 丶Ƽ(ǽ ϰ 귯 ׸ ׸ ȭ) ⱳ ޾ κ ׵ ־ ׵ ׸ ǥϷ Ͽ.

׵ ̰ , ׸ δ ̼(Action Painting)ε ˷ Ը𿡼 ǰ âϿ.

轼 <N0. 31> 1950


ĵ , 530.8 X 269.5 cm
̼

轼 ǥ.  ܺ ǰ Ư ְ ִ. ̾ ̼ 轼 Ͽ ̸ ο ̰ Ǿ.

ǰ ϴ

߻ǥǴ ǻ ǥ ؿ ִ ΰ ߰Ϸ Ͽ ׵ ǥϷ Ͽ. 轼 (1912-1956) ֿ âε ǥ Ŵ ĵ ٴڿ ⿡ Ʈ װ, о, Ʈ ⳪ ̳ Į ° ϸ δ 񺭴鼭 ǰ ⵵ ߴ.


(Surrealism)

Ǵ ˸ 1920 ʹݿ ٴ ı , Ų ,  ո ǽİ 踦 ŽϿ ǥ ̴.

δ 1924 ӵ巹 극 ۼ ǰ Բ ۵Ǿµ Ǵ , ġ  Ͽ. ٴ 극 ɸм ñ׹ ̵ ġ̷а Į ̷а ޿ ޾ ǽ ǥϴ ߱Ͽ.

ε ó ð̶ ̰ ƹ ʴ ׵ ǥ Ǵ, Ͽ  ̶ Ͼ ð Ͽ. ׷ ׵ ϰ Ǹ鼭 ǥ ȭ ̷ٴ ޾Ҵ.

Ʈ ó Ǹ  ô  ϳε ̵ ǽ  ָ³ ް ǽ ߾ ڵ ɷڵ(psychic aytomatism; ǽ ϰ 귯 ׸ ׸ ȭ)Ͽ. ̰ ڵ ̳ ׸̶ ϴµ ǽ ǽĻ¿ ܾ ̹ Ǯ ̴. Ǵ ̷ ǽ Ǯ ǥϿ ׷ ǥ ã ̾.

ٵ ޸(Salvador Dali) <ܹ >

51cm 40.5cm (20ġ 15.9ġ), Oil on wood, Ƽ ׹̻ ̼ ( ǰ)

*<ֺ ƴٴϴ ܹ ߱ (Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee Around a Pomegranate a Second Before Awakening)>̶ ׸ ¸ ȭ ٵ ޸ ̱ Ȱϴ 1944⿡ ׸?<ܹ >̶ ٿ θ ִ. ġ ߴ ° ¡ ǽĿ ߰ 緡 ϸ鼭 п .

* Ű(Georgio de Chirici,1888-1978) < 뷡>

73x59.1 cm 1915 , Oin on Canvas, ̼

* Űڴ Ż ȭ ۰̴. ̵ ɸм̷ ״ ʱ ܰ ϳ ̻ĸ ǥϴ ι 򰡵ȴ. Űġ ǰ Ÿ, ̵, ǹ ַ Ѵ. ߾ پ Ǿ ִ.

̴ , 尩, ̰͵ ϴ ǹ Բ ġ ߴ < 뷡>ϴ ׸ ģ ٰ ε ϸ鼭 ׸ ⹦ Ų. ° ¡ ǽĿ ߰ 緡 ϸ鼭 .


(Magic Realism)

Ǵ 1 ϳ ȣѵ ¸ ̴.

ǥ ڸ ̾ ǰ DZ ϰ ְ ̸ ߱ ׸ ־ ͵ ƴϰ ó , Ƹ޸ī ߴϿ ſ Ǿ ̾.

Ǵ ǥδ Ϲ 鿡  Ұ ̳ ġ ʾҴ ҵ ȥϿ Ͽ ϳ ̼ŸϷ Ͽ.

׸ δ , Ǵ źο . ǥǿ Ǵ Ž ߻̰ų ְ Ѵ.

и 踦 ǥϱ ϴµ ׸ ΰ Ư ǹ Ȱ ʰ  Ÿ ô ̱⵵ ϰ ׷ Ư¡ и , ǹ̵ ϰ ִ Ư¡̴.

 ۰δ Henri Rousseau(1844-1910), Giorgio de Dhirico(1888-1978) ǿ ū ƴ.

Ǵ  ̳ Ư θ ۿ ̴. 1930 Ȳ ġ  ű⿡ ġ ߴ. ׷  ٸ Ư Ƹ޸ī ӵǾ Ÿ ΰ Ͽ.

* Į(Frida Kahlo) < ǰ(Two Fridas)> 1939

Oil on canvas, 170x172 cm(67 inn x 67 In)
߽ ÿ ִ Museo de Arte Moderno

<Two Fridas> ߽ Į ȭ̴. ȸȭ Kahlo ó Ը ǰ ׳ ָҸ ȸȭ ϳ ֵȴ. ȭ, ϸ鼭 ̱ Ⱑ dz Įΰ Բ Ǿ ִ Ѵ.

* ȣ (Edward Hopper) <ϴ (Nighthawks)> 1942

Oil on canvas, 2 ft, 9 in x 5ft.

Art Institute of Chicago

ȣ۴ ǰ ̱ ȭ. 1882 ̱ 忡 ¾ ϷƮͰ DZ 忹б ιƮ  ׸ . 1906 24 ĸ ٸ ߰ 1910 ϴ ƿԴ.

׸ ð ѹ㿡 ϴ. ̾ ٸ ̿ ΰ Ŀ ̾߱⸦ ٸ ޸ ä ȥ ɾ ִ. ô ε ǰ ٸ ⸦ dz鼭 ȭ dz ӿ ε ܷο ǥǰ ִ.

 


(Neo-Plasticism)

׵ ȭ ǿƮ 帮(Piet Mondrian(1872-1944) , ⺻ Ͽ ߻ȭ Ƕ ǥѵ ۵Ǿ.

1917 ׵忡 ǽ׸ ߽ ȭ ̳, ۰ ׵ ̵ Ұϱ De Stijl(Ÿ)̶ ߰Ͽµ 帮 ظ ϴµ ū Ͽ. 帮 ־ ǡ ۿ ΰ ϰ ǥϴ μ ȭ, , , ߻ ·, , , ο ̵. . . и ⺻ ȿ ǥ ߰ϴ ̴١ Ͽ.

帮 ڽ Ÿ Ƕ ҷ װ De Stijl ̶ ҷȴµ ҵ ڽ ̳ Ǵ ٺ ̳ ¿ ̸ Ͽٴ ̴.

̵ п 帮 žӿ װ ׷Ͽ ؼ ٺ ȭ ߱ϰ ö̾.

*ü, , ׸ ǽ׿ Ʈ ̵ 帮 , , Ī, , ׸ ȭ  ߶ Ͽ. 2 Ͼ ̼ δ  Ģ ߴ 鵵 ־.

<, , Ķ, , ȸ >

*帮  ̿ ְ ̸ ֽ ְ ߱ϰ ߴ. ̷ ų ִ ǥ <, , Ķ, , ȸ >̶ ִ. 1920, ĵ ä ׸ 60x52.5 cm ǰ Ͻ׸ ø̼ Ǿ ִ.

׸ ä Ͽ ٸ ũ 簢ڸ ä ִ. ̴ ȣ 踸 ̸ ´١ ϴ ڽ ̳ ǥ ֵ ɻ Ư ƴ϶ ϱ ̾.

*<ε α>

帮 1940 . ״ 2 忡 µ ׸ 忡 1942-43 ̿ ׸ ĵ ä, 127x127 ̼ Ǿ ִ. 忡 帮 Ҹ ǰ <ε α> װ ̱ ͼ Ѱ ǰ Ѵ.

İ Ư θġ ϴ Ÿ Һ Ѵ. 帮 ߱ߴ ù Ư ϸ鼭 ٸ ǰ踦 ־ٴ ̴.

 


ٴ(DaDa) Ǵ ٴ(Dadaism)

ٴ 1 1915 긮 ۵Ǿ 1924 ̱ ̼, ݵ, ݿ ǥ , ݹ,  ġ ö ϰ Ͽ. ߸ 1 ݵ ۵ ٴ   Ͽ ̴.

ü, ̷, ǥ پ  ٴ ð , , , , ׸ ϰ ִ. ̸鼭 ̸ Ŀ ģ ġ . ٴٽźڵ ǰ Ծ źϰ (ұĢϰ), پ ä Ư¡̴. ũ г ϱ ٴڵ Ұ(Ҽ) ַ õϿ.

 긮 ִ ۰ ް (Hugo Ball) 濵ϴ ƮŬ īٷ ׾ ε鿡 ۵Ǿ. ٴ(DaDa) ̸ Ʈ (Tristan Tzara,1896-1963) ߴٰ ؿµ ״ Ϻη ǹ̰ ܾ ٴٸ ãƳ´. δ ۳ 񸶡, þƾδ yes, yes Ƶ κ ٸ  ƹ ǹ̵ ̴. ̷ ȭ ǹϸ ü µ , ϳ, ĸ, ׸ ڷ õ . ٴٴ ù ° 俹μ ǵ ȸ, Ұ Ͽ Ͽ.

ٴ̽Ʈ 鿡 Ư ε巯 ǥ(ü) ٰ ϰڴ. ̵ Ͽ ̹ ̳ٸ ͵鵵 Ͽ  ̳ ⵵ Ͽ. ׵ ĵ ǵ ̾ ӵ ִ ƴϾ  ? ź Ҿ Ƿ ġǾ.

ٴ ް (Hugo Ball),Ʈ (Trisstan Tzara), (Marcel Janco) ֵϿ ̱ ް ߰ Բ ڻ ǰ <> ٴ ǥ ۰ λϿ.

* ڼ(Henri Robert Marcel Duchamp,(1887-1968)

(Fountain) 1917

ڻ '̵' ǰ̴. ۵ Һ⿡ 'R.Mutt' Ǿ ִ.

1917 4 ڼ Һ ϳ <>̶ ̸ ̰, ̱ ۰ȸ ϴ ȸ ǰ Ͽ. ø ̳? ̳ķ ᱹ ð ʾҴ ǰ ?̼а ƹ氡 а迡 20 ̼ ǥϴ ֿ ǰ 򰡹ް ִ. 1950~60  Ͽ ڼ ǰ Ƿ, Ͽ 16 ǰ ִ.


. *Ʈ ͽ(Kurt Schwitters)

<Box r Bild> 1921,

ǿ Ϸ ׷ ĵ (ڶ) . 70x54 cm(27 21 in.) , ¸ ж ִ ̼ Ǿ ִ.

Ʈ ͽ <Merz > ˷ ɸ (psychological collages) װ 1 , ġ, ر ǰ ͵ رǾ ȱ ο ν ȵž. ϸ鼭 ״ ⼺ ġ Ͽ ǥ, ġ ġ´ ƹų ļ ǰ <Box r Bild> .

 


(Suprematism)

20 ʿ εǾ ߻ȸȭ ̹ ׸ ƴ϶ , , , ä ǥǴ ׸ Ѵ. ǥ ϰ ϴٰ ܼ 20 ʿ ο ̼ Ÿµ ̷ ߻̼ ũ ߱Ǿ.

ù° ŲŰ ߽ ǥ ߻ȸȭ̰
° īҿ ũ ü Ŀ ߻ȸȭ 帮 ǥ̸ °δ ͵ ġ ߻ȸȭ ִ.

ʱ⿡ ش ߻ȸȭ þ ȭ ī̸ ġ. ״ 1915 0.10̶ ȸ Ͼ 簢 ϳ ׸ ׸ ǰϿ. ⿡ ǰ ۵Ǿ < 簢> þƿ 20 ̿ ¡ Ǿ. þ ȸȭ () ¡Ͽ ġ ƹ͵ ¡ϰų ǥ ʴ 踦 ǥϿ Ͽ 'ǡ ҷ.

ġ ߻ ñ ǥ 麸 ̶ Ͼ. ȸȭ ǥ ϵ ڵ ڱѴ.

1930 ߻̼ ̼ źйޱ ġ ̼ ѵ ĸ ¾Ҵ.׵ 󿡼 ä ӿ ׾. ׷ 1988⿡ μ ѱ׶ þƹ̼ ù ° ȸ ũٿ Ͻڴ㿡 ȸ ȸ 鼭 ߻̼ âڷ ްԵǾ.

ī̸ ġ ߻ȭ ǥ ǰ.

*ù ° < 簢> 1914-1915, ĵ ä, 79.6X79.6cm. ũ ƮƼ Ǿ ִ.

* < ׶> 1920,ĵ ä. 110x110cm. Ʈκθũ þָڹ .

* < > 1915, ĵ ä. 110x110cm. ĸ̼

ġ ̼ü âϷ Ͽ. ״ ڿ ð 迡 ٰ ο ϱ µ ߴ. ״ µ Ͽ.

ġ ¶ ߰ Կ ְ , ̷ ׸ < 簢>, < ׶>, < > ̴.

 


<̼ å(22)>

̷ (Futurism)

̷Ǵ ¸ Ƽ(18776-1944) 1909 п , ¸ ̼1909⿡ 1914 Ȱϰ Ȱϴٰ õ 1 Ŀ ٽ ۵Ǿµ ̶ ̷ĵ 2 ̷Ķ θ.

Ƽ 1909 ǰ Ź ǥ ̷ 𿡼 츮 ο ڸ, ǵ ̡ dz١ ϰ ǵ ϰ Ͽ.

̷ ǥ ſ Ͽ, ¸ ıϰ , ϴ ο âϴ ̴. ̵ ׵ ۿ ν Ϳ Żϱ⸦ ؼ ̵ ׵ ŷκ عϱ Ͽ ̳ ıϰڴٰ ͼϿ.

׵ 1911 ж ù ° ȸ ٸ õ鿡 ȸ . ׵ ϻȰ  ߰
پ Ӱ ӵ Ͽ. ȸ ̲ ̷ڵ ȭ, , ǰ ۰ డ, ̳ʵ پ ι Ͽ. ?üĿ ϸ鼭 ̷ ҵ Ͽ üĴ Ϲ ̰ ѵ ̷Ǵ ̴.

̷ĵ ű⿡ ô Ȱ ġϷ Ͽ. ׵ Ưϰ ̷ µ ߰ , ڵ, ο ä dz Ͽ. ̵ ǵ, ϰ 뵿 ȭ Ű ̶Ͽ Ͽ ׵ ۾ , , , , ׸ Ͽ پ ¸ ٷ. ̵ ̳, ݺ, ǵ ǥϴ ο ״.

ǥδ

*򺣸 ʴ(Umberto Boccioni,1882-1916) <Unique Forms of Continuity in Space( Ư Ӽ, 1913) Ż ʴϰ 1913⿡ ̷ û ǰ̴. ̴ 111.44cm̸ ̱ ٴ̼ Ǿ ִ. ӿ ȭ Ư¡̴.

 

 

*ī Į (Carlo Carra 1881-1966) ¸ ȭ ̷  ̲. ״ ׸ ׷ ƴ϶ å鵵 Ͽ.
<The Funeral of Italian anarchist Angelo Galli, ¸ ʽ> 1904 ũ 浹ϴ ʽ ѷ ΰ ġȲ ̴. ī Į 忡 , ȥ ϰ ϰ ִ.

* ַ(Luigi Carlo Filippo Russolo,1885-1947) Ż ̷ ȭ ۰̸ DZ ڷ The Art of Noises پ . <Dynamism of a Car , ڵ > 1913⵵ ǰ Musee National d'Art Moderne. Ǿ ִ. ü ǰ ڵ ǵ 迡 ǰ ̷ ״  ̷ ǰ̴.

 


<̼ å(21)>

ü(Cubism)̼

20⿡ ͼ ߿ϰ ģ ̼ Ŵ´ٸ ī(Picasso, 1881-19773) ũ(Georges Braque, 1882-1963) ü ̼ ̴.

̼ ο 鼭 ü ȭ ׻ ̷ ׸µ ϴ ٹ Ǵ ι źϿ.

״ ׵ м پ ׷ȴ.

ܴ īҿ ũ ó ۾ Ͽµ ׵ ǵ  ̶ ȯ ̼ ȴ. װ ī 1907⵵ ǰ <Les Demoiselles dAvignon> ۵Ǿµ ǰ ܴ Բ ī ũ ̺ ְ ִ.

ʱ ü ׸ Analytic Cubism(м ť)̶ θµ 1912 ӵǾ. ° üĴ Synthetic Cubism( ť>̶ θµ װ͵ Ź, Ŀ꼺, Ͽ 1914 ӵǾ.

̵ ܿ ȭ ̵ ̵ ؼ ߰Ͽ ü õ Ͽ.

ƺ ó(Les Demoiselles d'Avignon) īҰ 1907⿡ ׸. Oil on canvas. ũ 233.7 x 243.9 cm ̼ Ǿ ִ. 1906 1Ⱓ ۵ ̿ϼ ǰ ۰ ī ߿ ⸦ ִ ǰ Ӹ ƴ϶ 20 ȸȭμ ġ ȯ ǹϴ ǹ ǰ̴. ƺ̶ ٸγ ΰ ִ âడ ϴ ްŸ Ī̸ ȭ鿡 ׸ ްŸ ִ âε̴. ̼ ü ǰ 򰡹޴´

̳ Ǿ ̼ Ǿ ִ Ըī(Guernica) ũ 349.3 X 776.6 cm ̰ Oil on canvas 1937 ǰ̴. 1937 4 26 ġ Ըī ϴ븦 ϴ Ź ĺҷ īҰ ׸ ׸ ׸̴. ġ ̵÷α⿡ ý (Francisco Franco) ü Ʈμ ֿ Բ Ÿ ִ.

ũ(Georges Braque 1882-1963) <ν̿ ,Castle of Roche-Guyon> 1909 ǰ. Oil on Canvas. ũ 92x73 cm. Russia ڿ ִ Pushkin Museum Ǿ ִ.

ũ(1882-1963) 20 ̼ ߽ ι̴. ״ ߼  ⿩Ͽ īҿ Բ üĸ .?
ġ <ν̿ > ü ǥ ũ м üǷ ư Ư ࿡ üǸ Ͽ. ǹ ׸ · ׸ڸ ̿ؼ ǹ 3 ̰ ߴµ ̸ ٸ ׸ Ͽ.? ?

 


<̼ å(20)>

20.߼(Fauvism)

߼ Ǵ 20 ʹ Ÿ ̼ ̴. 20 ̼ ڿǸ ϴ Ŀ ڹٲ ߴ Ǵ ߼ ̴.
̵ ǥ ȣߴ.

߼ 帧 ü 1900濡 ۵Ǿ 1910 ı ӵDZ , ߼  1905 1907 3 ȸ ӷµ ߴ.  δ Ӹ Ƽ ӵ巹 巩 ִ.

* ӵ巹 巩(Andre Derain) <Boats at Collioure>1905. Oil on canvas, 38.4x46 cm, Private collection. Ӹ Ƽ (Henri Matisse) Բ ȭ, Fauvism

Ư¡ ó, ׸ ȭ ߻ȭ̴. ̴ ä ƴ ä ħ ǥߴ. ť ޸ ߽ϴµ ǥ ·ε ִ.

ó ı λڵ鿡 ϴ ȭ ο ׳ Ͽ ߼(wild beast) ҷ. Ӹ Ƽ(Henri Matisse,1869-1954), ˺ (Albert Marquet,1875-1947), ׸ (Georges Rouault,1871-1958) ߼ ȭ ¡ ȭ ͽŸ (Gustave Moreau,1826-1998) ڵ̾ κ (Paul Cezanne, 1839-1906) Ȯ Ž, (Vincent van Gogh,1853-1890) ǥִ 귯 ġ ׸ (Georges Seurat, 1859-1891) ϰ ġ  ޾Ҵ. Ϲ Ƽ ߼ ٸ ȭ ϴµ, ׸ ݾӵ ϴµ Ѵٴ ׸ ִ.

ȭ ϴµ ־ ߿ ǥ̶ ħ ũ Ƽô Ʈ Ư ޾Ҵ. ̹ Ѵٴ ̼ ǥ ߼ĵ ڿ 踦 ī ʰ ⸦ ȹϰ ϱ ο Ͽ. ׵ ܼȭ ¿ Ʈ ĥ ǥ鿡 Ѵ. ׸ ׵ й ̷̳ ߿ϰ Ͽ

*Ӹ Ƽ(Henry Matisse) <> 1910, 260x391 cm, ä ó, Ƽ ġϰ ϴµ پ. ߼Ĵ ߴµ, ̴ Ŀ ǥڵ鿡 .


<̼ å(19)>

19.ǥ(Expressionism)


ǥǴ ̼ ׻ ̷ ̼ Թ Ĺ ߴ 20 ̼  ϳ ڿ ⿡ ݴϴ ̾. ǥ  Ÿ õ鿡 ôٹ ұԸ  ۵Ǿ װ͵ ȸ Ҿ ־. 20 ʹݿ Ϳ ǰ Ǹ鼭 ΰ 뼼迡 (Ҿ) Ǿ.

?κ ¡ ǥڵ () ְ(׷Ʈ)ϰ ȸ Ǿ 鿡 ׵ ϱ ؼ Ͽ.? 1905 4 ȭ ׸ 巹 ٸ(Die Bruke) ϴ ׸ µ ̰ ǥ  ˸ Ⱑ. ̵ ׵ ȸ ι̳, ׸ dzȭ ǥϿ. 1911⿡ ٸ ׸ The blue Rider ϴ ׸ ´ µ ̵ ؼ ġ Ϸ õϿ. 1920뿡 ο (the Neue Sachlichkeit) İ ܳµ ׵ Ͽ п 񵵴 ׸ Ÿ ¿. ̵ ǥǰ ְε ᵥ ؼ ϴµ ߾. Ϲ ǥǴ 1905⿡ 1930 .

׵ Ư ں ⿡ ν  ̵ ó ܺ 踦 ϱ ٴ δ ǰų Ҿ ׳ ׸ ȭ ʴ ׵ ǥߴ. 1 ׵鿡 г, , ׸ ǥϰ Ͽ ׵ â೪ ũ Ҹ ε ǥߴ.

 

*?Ŀ Ŭ(Paul Klee, 1879-1940), ȭ. ȭ <Actors Mask> 1924 ǰ 36.7x33.8. ̱ ̼ڹ õǾ ִµ ǥ ǥ ִ. Ŭ ü, , ǥ پ ޾Ҵ.

 

 

 


 

*ٸ ũ(Edvard Munch,1863-1944) <The Scream 1893.> 븣 ǥ ȭ, 븣 ۰̴. ó λ ޾ ׸ ׷ ǥ ̼ ū ƴ.

 

 

 

 

Ʈ Ű(Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, 1880-1938) ȭ, < Street with Red Streetwalker> 125x90.5 cm, 1914-1925. 帮忡 ִ Thysson Bornemisza Museum Ǿ ִ.

ǥ" Ͽ ǥ ǥ ȭ ϻ ƾƴ 찡 Űʴ ǥ ǥ ȭ̴.

 

ǥڵ ׵ ǰߵ ڵ鿡 Ϸ ϸ ¡Ǹ ׵ Ϸ Ͽ. ϸϿ ȭ ̵ ߱ߴ ǥϴµ ʾҴ.

 


<̼ å(18)>

18.Ƹ(Art Nouveau)

1890 20 ʿ ο 蹮 Բ ָ ̼ Ͼ . ̸ 'ο (new art)' ǹ̸ 'Ƹ(Art Nouveau)' θµ ̶ Żϰ ο ̸ âϷ ߴ ̾

Ƹ ,  ȭ Ư¡̴.

Ŀ ȭ, , డ Ͽ ο â , о߿ ̰ ȭ dzϿ ̳ܰ ϻȰǰ ڿ ¿ Ե ̿, ü Ͽ.

Ƹ Ư¡ ġ , ׸ Ƹٿ   ־. Ĺ ¿  Ƹ ܿ Ⱑ ŵ ӳ ȯ 踦 Ų.  ȭ dzϿ ̳ܰ ϻ Ȱǰ ڿ ¿ Ե  ֿѰ ε巯. Ĺ ¸ Ƽ Ͽ, ״ ä ʾҴ ƺ ȭ, dz, 丱, , , ̿Ͽ.

Ƹ Ḭ̄ ̴ ׷ ġ ȯ̸ ġ ųʸ ٴ ޾Ҵ. ȭ ġ 20 Բ 迡 뷮̶ ô û ߴ.

Ƹ ⿡ ó ܳ ư ٸ Ư Ǿ. Ư, ޾, ȭ '⸶(Style Guimard)'ε Ҹ ⸦ Ͽ Ͽ 'Ʈ ƿ(Jugend Stil)', ¸ 'ƿ Ƽ(Stile Liberty:)', ٸγ ߽ ο 'Ƹ ȣ(Arte Hoven)', Ʈƿ '(Secessin)', ̱ 'Ÿ(Modern Style)' ҷ鼭  ߴ.

 

Alfons Mucha Zodiac Ƹ ȭ  

Ƹ ä 20⵵ ȵǴ ð ߻ 20⵵ ä ȵǾ ׶ Ǿ. װ20⿡ ߽ ȸ Ǿ, ̷ ޺ϴ ô뿡 ο ̼ θ¢ ̼迡 Ÿ ̴. Ƹ ô뿡 ϸ ο ̼̾, ſ ϰ ߴ ð Ҵ ̴.

, ȣϴ ̼ 忡 ʿ ̿, İ Ƹٿ Ŵ޸ Ƹ ̼ Ұߴ. Դٰ 忡 Ƹ ǰٴ ٰ '' ǰ ξ ߴ. Դٰ 1 Ͼ鼭 ⿡  ݿ̸ ڱ ٲ ̶ ϰڴ.

̷ ȸ/̷ Ƹ ̸ ɸ ʰ ô ̼ ǥ ŵϸ鼭 15⸸ Ǿ.

Ƹ İ ǰ. α ģ.


<̼ å(17)>

λ(Neo-Impressionism)

λǴ 19 ȸȭ ϳ 1886 аȭ н ׿(Felix Feneon.1861-1944) λǸ ϸ鼭 ⿡ м ̷ ޹ħϷ Ͽ (Georges Seurat,1859-1891) ó( Paul Signac,1863-1935) ߽ ׵ ȭ dz λ Ǵ λĶ ѵ ó Ǿ.

ı λ κ λǴ ̷п ٰŸ ΰ ִ. ̵  ̳ Ƽ ׵ ׸ ߰Ǵ . ׵ ǵϴ 򺸴ٵ ϰ ϰ ̰ Ϸµ ִ.

׵ Ư (divisionism) Ǵ ȭ(Pointillism)̶ θ. ĵ ĥ () ϵ ̸ ü ȷƮ ڼ ʰ  Ѵ. ׷Ƿ λǴ λ Ű ÿ λ ǿ ݹϿ Ȱ Ѵٴ ġ Ʒ ⿡ ȭdz Ǵ Ÿ̶ ִ.

λǴ ̷ ߱ Ư 20  Ÿ üij ̷Ŀ ƴ.

(George Seurat)

La Grande Jatte( ׶ ¼ Ͽ )

λ ȭ üȭ  Ȱ ȭ λǶ ο 帣 ˷ȴ. <׶ Ʈ Ͽ > λ ȭ ǿ ǰ̴. Oil on Canvas 6ft 10 in x10ft.1in (207x308 cm) λ ǰ 1884 1886⿡ ۵Ǿ ̱ ī ̼ Ǿ ִ.

Georoge Seurat Ŀ(The Circus)

1890-1891⿡ ۵ ǰ oil on Canvas. 185x152 cm, ĸ μ ̼ . λ ε ŽϿ. ȣ ġϿ ϰ ̵ ϴ λȭ Ͽ.

Paul Signac( óũ) Portrait of Felix Feneon,

óũ ĸ ȭ̴. ó ޾ λ ȭ Ͽ. Բ λ 簡 Ǿ. ׸ '' Ͽ ׸ ׷ ϸ, ܼϰ ż äȭ .

1890⿡ ۵ óũ ǰ <縯 ѳ(Felix Feneon) ʻȭ>̴. Oil on Canvas 73.5cm x 92.5cm ̸ ÿ ִ Museum of Modern Art Ǿ ִ. ׸̴.


<̼ å(16)>

ı λ(Post- Impressionism) ̼

λ λ 븦 ϸ鼭 ְ̰ ׸ λǸ Ѿ پ Ͽ ϴ ȭ ı λĶ θ. ǥϴµ ־ ο ä߽ ٹ ٴ ̰ ְ 迡 پ Ÿ ׸ ׸ ַ 1885⿡ 1910 ̿ Ȱ , , ǥ ı λ ȭ Ŵ´.

ı λĶ 1910 ȸ ó Ǿ. ̸ а̱⵵ ߴ (Roger Fry,1866-1934) ڽ ȸ <Manet and the Post-Impressionism> λ ܼ ܸ ݴؼ ð ȿ ŽϿ ȭ, ?׵ ٴ ׵ ǥϷ Ͽ Ư ִ ȭ ׸  ı λĶ Ͽ ̴. ̵ ȭ ڽŵ ı λĶ θ ȭܿ ˷ ʾ 20 ʿ ȭ ̵ ׸ 鼭 ı λĶ Ҹ ̴.

̵ Ư¡ ž ڸ λ ׷ϰ ׸ λĵ ޸ ä 츮鼭 Ѿ ɸ ߱Ͽ ̶ ̰,  ǹ̰ ִ°? Ѵٰ ϰڴ.

(Gauguin, Paul 1848-1903)

ֽ ߰̾ 35 嵵 ֺ ӿ ڽ õ缺 Ȯϸ ̾ ȭ̴

ĸ ȭ ġ Ƶ ¾ ġ ȥ⿡ , ƹ ۽ , 󸶿 4Ⱓ ٰ ĸ ƿ б ٳ ǻ, ܰ ׸ ׷ȴ.
40 Ǿ óũ ׸ ޾ ä ϰ ȴ. ̶ Բ ۾ ϰԵǴµ ̵ Ằϰ ȴ.

ä ߰ϰ ڿ Ȱ Ͽ 翡 ִ ŸƼ ǰȰ Ѵ. 1903 ߴ μ ָ Ѵ.

1897 ִ ū ׾ٴ ް Ŀ <츮 °? 츮 ΰ? 츮 °?> ϴ ׸ ׸. ڻ ϰ ׸ ׸̶ ׷ ο ִ. ġϰ ش.

 

< >

ŸƼ ó ׸ ׸ ϰ ִ. <Ƹ > Ƽ и ȭ ī縯žӿ ȭ ƴ϶ ż̶ ޾Ҵ. ä ִ ʾҳ ȴ.

 

 

Ʈ ȣ(Vincent Van Gogh, 1853-1890)

Ƶ Ȱ Ͽ ׸ ΰ ҿ Ȱ ϴٰ з ޾ ȭ DZ Ѵ. ׿ ׸ ־ ״ λĿ ̼ ä ȿ ε巯 Ÿ ڽ ϰ װ ϰ 巯 ִ. Ư ȭ ΰ ɿ ǥϰ ִ.

״ ġḦ ޾ ȸ ׸ ׷ غ ϰ ڻ ġ Ҵ.


<ȭ>
翡 ȭ Ѹ ġ 縦 Ѿ ɸ ̱ ũ(1395-1441). ̾ ڷ Ʈ ׸ ߿ ̸ ְ ɻ ׸ ȭ ׷. ׷ ȭŭ Ҿϰ ɸ ǥ ǰ ġ ʴ.
1890 װ ױ 3 ׸ ȭ óϵ  ǥ ȥ ȴ.

 

( Paul Cezanne, 1839-1906)

λ ȭ ޾ ׸ ޸ ̷ 繰 ¸ Ϸ ο ׸ ׷ȴ. īҴ ü ̼ Ǿ ׷ ٴ븦 ϰ? ̼ źŰµ ߿ ȸȭ ƹ 򰡸 ޴´. ϻ̰ 繰 ¸ ãƳ Ͽ.

ȭ ( ߳ δ, ߳ δ)

ȭ ƱͰ ʴµ ش.  ߳ ִ°? ϸ  ٸ õ ׸ȿ ֱ⵵ ϴ. װ λ ߿ ƴ϶ ̷ 繰 ľϴµ ȴٴ ǵ ׸ ߿ ƴϰ ð ʿؼ 鿡 µ ȭ ÿ ̴. ̰ üĿ ߻̼ źŰµ ̴.

 


<̼ å(15)>

λ (Impressionism) ̼

19 Ĺݿ ĸ ϴ ȭ ȸ µ ׵ ׸ ġ ׸鼭 ȿ شȭ ϴ Ư¡̾.

۰ ְ Ǿ ؼ λǸ ǿ ̼ з λǴ ǻ ƴ϶ ̰ ȭdz źϰ ϻ ڿ ׷ Ͽ. ǰ 뵿̶ ġ ΰŴ ̳ ε巯ٸ λǴ ̴ ״ ׷ ߴٴ ̰ ִ.

λ ȭ ̳ ̳ Ⱦ ϰ ̴ ״ ׸ Ͽ. װ͵ λ ׳ ȭ Ͽ. ׷ ư ȿ شȭ Ͽ.

Ŭε (Claude Monet, 1840-1926)

λ ȭdz ϰ ϼ ״ ǥ <λ, ص> ܿ < >, < 뼺> ǰ µ λǶ  źϰ ǰ <λ, ص> ױ ׸ ׸̴. Ȱ ӿ Ej ¾ ϰ ִ. ǰ ÿ ̿ϼ ̶ Ȥ ޾Ҵ. dz ǰ ϰ ĥ ԰ ִ ׸ ƴ϶ λ ϰ ģ ġ ϴ Ҵٴ ̾.

1ft 7in x 2ft 1in, Oil paint. ̼ Ǿ ִ.

λ, ص̡ Ŭε װ ƺ긣 ױ ħ dz ׸ ȭ̴. 'λ' ˷ ִ.

̿ܿ λķ з ȭδ , Ƹ, 尡, δ ִµ ̵ λǷ Ҹ. ̵ ȭdz ǥ ٸ ̹ ϻ׸ ߴٴ λǶ ã ִ.

ο͸ (Edouard Manet 1832 ?1883)

͸ ״ λ ȭ ƴ϶ 鵵 ǿ λ ̸ ̾ ִ ȭ 򰡵ǰ ִ.

״ ī 24 κ Ͽ ڽ ׸ ׸ ߴ. ֵ ä ִ ׸ ׸ ̾.

. 6ft 10in x 8ft 8in   ĸ ̼ Ǿ ִ.

״ <Ǯ ɽĻ> ؼ <p ȸ>, <Ÿ > ׷ȴµ <Ǯ ɽĻ> װ 1862 1863 ̿ ׸ ȭ̴. ׸ Բ ִ ΰ ٸ Ѵ. 1863 ɻ翡 źδ ״ ٸ ǰ Բ ǰ 1863 (Salon des Refuses) ȸ , װ ׸ Թ Ÿ ǥ Ȥ ״


<̼ å(15)>

(Realism) ̼

ǡ Ҽ (Champfluery(1821-1889) ģ (Gustave Courbet(1819-1877) ǰ Ϸ 17 ׵ ȭ dzȭ ׸ ߸ Ʈ ޾Ҵ.

19 谡 ޼ ϸ鼭 뼼踦 Ӱ ǥϷ ϴ ο Ÿµ Ư 1848 , ȸ Ұ ݹ, ο ü Ͽ ڱ ״ ׸ õ Ͽ.

ڵ ǿ ϰ νĵ ڰ ׸ ( ī ߴ) ī ݵ Դ.

׵ ֱ ׸ ׵ ظ ǥϿ ȭ ʸ Ϸ Ͽ Ƿڵ̳ ڵ ?̰ ġϱ ٴ ϻ 뵿 ׸鼭 ȯ̰ų ǥ ڿ ̹ ׷ȴ.

ī ߽ Ǹ鼭 Ȱ ־ ־. ̿ ݹ߷ ڵ ׵ ֺ ִ Ȱ ε̳ 뵿ڵ, dz̳ ī Ǵ ׷ȴ. ο ׳ ׸ ֺ ׸ , 鿡 ־.

ǡ ״ ׸ٴ 浵 ׵ Ǿ ϻ ֺ ȸ Ѵٴ ǹ̸ ϰ ϰ ִ. ?

*Ÿ (Gustave Courbet, 1819-1877)

< > 1849-50, 314X663Cm. Oil on canvas

θ ̻ ϸ, ġ Ҵ. ڽ ȸ, , ȭڿ ڶ , G. Ī ɰ ȸ 󸮽Ʈ. ǥ < > ִ. ڽ Ͼ ʽ ׸ ǰ  ̸ þ ׻ Ȯϰ ׷ȴ. ʽ ϰ ѰͰ ޸  ϰ ٸ ü ΰ δ. ״ ʽĿ ׻ ٹҾ ״ ׸ ־.


* з(jean-Francois Millet, 1814-1875)

<̻ݴ > 1857, 2ft 9in x 3ft 8in,Oil paint,

̻ ݴ ε顷 Ǵ <̻ݱ> Ǵ ǰ з 1857⿡ ϼ ȭ̴. ٸ񿡼 ַ ֺ ε ׸ з Ȯ ǿ ̻ ݴ ׷ȴ. ༺ ̾߱ 鼭 ֺ ִ γڵ ״ ׸ ׸ ̿ܿ ˷ <>, <Ѹ > ִ. ĸ ̼ Ǿ ִ.


<̼ å(14)>

(Romanticism)̼

Ǵ 19 Ͼ , , ι ̴.

° Ǵ 1789 Ը ̼ ȯ꿡 ߻ 븦 ϰ Ϸ , ְ Ź Ȧ ǿ ݵ °̴. ۰ ְ ǥ ϰ ο ȯ 踦 ׸ ϴ ź ̴. ׷Ƿ Ǵ ո ٴ , , ׸ Ư ̷ ִ.

Ǵ پ ؼ ϰ ڿ Ƹٿ ȭ ڿ Ǹ ǥϸ鼭 غϴ , ʿϴ ϸ ոǸ ϰ ϴ 귯ġ ȭ ׸ ° ġ  .

<޵λ ¸>, 16ft 1in x 23ft 6in
Oil Painting, 1818-1819 , 긣 ڹ .

* ̼ â ι (Theodore Gericault). ǥ ǰ <޵λ ȣ ¸> ̼ ҵ ݷ , ϴ ä ȿ ׸ Ȳ ִ ǰ ־ ׸ ̴.

ħ , ¸ 150 Ÿ 15ϰ ǥϴٰ Ƹͽȣ Ǿµ ׶ 15 Ҵ. ڴ Ƹͽȣ ó ߰ ȭ Ҵ. ü ó ӿ ߰ߵǴ Ƴ ̴.

ũ <7 , ( ̲ >, 8ft 6in x 10ft 8in , Oil paint , 긣 ڹ ,

* ģ̸ ũ(Eugene Delacroix) ǥȭ µ ǥ < ̲ > ʹ ϴ.

<1830 7 28>̶ ׸ ݴϿ Ͼ ùε 3ϰ ð 긣 հ Ʈ ʸ 7 鿡 ü ġ شȭϰ ֱɿ ȣϴ ǰ̴.

?

ý < 1808 5 3>,268 cm  347 cm (106 in  137 in) Oil on canvas, 1814 , 帮 Museo del Prado

*̼翡 ߸ ȭ ڷ ȭĿ ϱ⿡ ʹ پϰ и ȭ پ õ ȭ ٴ ڶ ִ. ״ Ѳ Ͽ ȯ 踦 ǥϷ Ͽ ۰ ڽ ְ ̳ ǰ ϰ ǥϿ.

״ ʻȭ ۿ Ź ɷ µ ϰ Ƹٿ ٴ ι Ư¡ ǥ α⸦ .

ǥδ <1898 5 3> ִ. 밡 帮带 ߵ ۵Ǿ ü 帮 ο ִ ѻǾ. ̷ Ȥ ߴ ׷ȴ. įį , 糪̸ ߽ ȥ ̰ ִ ɿ ƴ ε, ߴ ⿡ ħ Ȥ԰ ο ڽ ֱ ְ ִ.

 


<̼ å(13)>

Ű (1750-1830/1850)

ŰǴ θ ȭ 18 Ͼ ȭμ ð, , ̼, , ϰ ִ

ŰǴ 1748 θ ǰ̿ ŧ׿ 뿹 Ͼ ڿ 簡 ̸(Johann Joachim Winckelmann, 1717-1768) ۵Ǿ ĸ, Ͻ, η ׸ θ õ 鼭 ޴ α α׷ Grand Tour ϴ ̵ ߰ ׸-θ ̳ ڱ⳪ ư鼭 ޼ . ̶ 18 (Ǵ ̼ ô) α⸦ ͵ ġϿ.

ϴ ŰǴ 18 ɼ ݹ߰ ո Ͱ Ͽ.

׵ ϰ ؾ Ѵٰ Ͼ ׸ Ͽ. ε巯 ĺ ׳ ׸ ñ ǥ ̴. ׸̳ 鿡 Ǿ ̰ ֱ ڱ ֱɰ ǥϰ ִ.
ŰǴ ° иϰ, () ׸ θ ȭ ̾ƿ ߿ Ͽ.

, , ұ ѵ , Ű θ ܼ Ģ Ͽ.

ũ ٺ <ũ׽ >1787 Oil on canvas

129.5 cm  196.2 cm (51.0 in  77.2 in) Ʈź ̼ڹ

*Ű ǥ ȭ ƴ ٺ带 ִ. ״ ü ̼ 帧 ̰ ٲٴµ ũ ⿩Ͽµ ǰ  <ũ׽ >, < >, <ȣƼ콺 ͼ> ִ. ٺ <ũ׽ > ũ׽ 踦 Ű ڵ鿡 ڽ ų ι ġ , , ȭ 巯 Ű ǥ ǰ 򰡵ȴ.

ޱ׸ ͽƮ̴ũ ޱ׸ <׶ ޸ũ> Oil on canvas
긣 ڹ

*ٺ ޱ׸ Ű ǥ ȭ ִ. 뿹 ̸ ַ ٷ ޱ׸ ַ 带 ׷ȴµ 尡 ƴ϶ dz ù̷ ׷ȴϿ Ű ȭ 򰡵ȴ. ǥδ <׶ ޸ũ>, <Ű > 尡 尡 뼼 ̷ Ǿٰ Ѵ.


<̼ å(12)>

(Rococo) ̼

18⿡ (1720 ) (Rococo) ܳ. ڿ ̿ ε巯  Ư , ڿ, Ÿ ٷ Ư¡̴.

14 ٷũ Ÿ ٸ ݹ߷ ۵  15 ô(1730-1750) ϴ İ Ȱ  ̸ ߱ Ÿ(rocaille)̶ θ 18 ȸ ߱, ġ ̰ ŷ Ư¡ ϴ Īϴ Ī 1840 翹翡 ڶ θ ̴.

ڴ ٷũ dz սǿ ޸ θ־ ̴. ڸ, 18 ȸ ߱, ġ ̰ ŷ, ׷ ÿ ε巴, 米 ϴ ̴.

ڴ ٷũ ô ȣ ̾޾ ȭ ä Ͽµ ϰ ǥǾٴ 򰡿 Բ ٷũ , ȭ ̶ ̾߱ Ѵ.

۵ dz ׸ Ÿ ǿ ̵̳ Ʈ ڷ Ѵ. ְȯ ϱ ƽ ƴ԰ ̷ο ߱Ǿ ü ǥϴ ǰַ ۵Ȱ Ư¡̴. ̷ dz ϰ , ¸  α⸦ Ǿ.

ϱ ٴ ƴ ִ dz

*ǥ dz ๰δ (Sans-Souci Palace) ִ. þ 帯 ó 㿡 񱳵dz ŸϷ ٷũ Ÿ ϸ ô 鼭 ־ ģٰ ϰ ִ.

*ҹٴ ƼŸ Ƽ(Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, 1696 ? 1770),
¸ Ͻ ȭ Ÿ ׸ ׷ȴ. ״ ׸Ӹ ƴ϶ ϰ ǰȰ Ͽµ ϴ. ״? ʱ ޷ȴµ 18 Ĺ̸̼ .

ҹٴ ƼŸ Ƽ <ũƮ , 1743>

* (Francois Boucher,1703-1770) dz ȭ ̸ ׸ ׸ ȭ̴. ״ ۾ ȭ, ҹ, ȭ̴. μδ ̰ ׸ ˷ ˷ ִ. ״ 18⿡ ϰ . Ŀڿ ĵθ ʻ ׷ȴ.

ν < ʻȭ> <Renaud Armide> ̼

* (Jean-Antoine Watteau,1684-1721)
ǥ ȭ ȭ̴. ߶ÿ » ó ȭ Ȱ 18 ĸ ׸ Ŀ 纥 ׸ ޾, ׸ ߴ

< , 1718-1719>

ڴ Ŀ ı ٷũ ִ̾ ̼ 򰡵Ǿ. ׷ ǹ̿ ڴ ٷũ ׻ó ô븦 ǥϴ . ֳϸ 18 Ӹ ƴ϶ ٷũ, , ǰ ϴ ô̸, ñ⿡ ϰ Ÿ ĵ ΰ ް ִ 迡 ־ ̴.

 


<̼ å(11)>

ٷũ(Baroque) ̼

Ȳ γƼ콺 10

Diego Velazquez, 1650, oil on canvas, 140x114cm, ʶ̼(θ) .

ٷũ ô Ѿָ Ȱϴ ij ȭ. ɽ ʻȭ ȭ ׷ȴ.
ī ϻ ڿ, ׷ īӰ ǥߴ.
Ȳ ׸ ʻȭ ó ڿ ϸ鼭 Ȳ ݱ  ְ ִ.


ű ǰ ܼϰ ˼ѵ ؼ ij縯 ȸ ڵ鿡 ־ Ѵٰ Ͽ.

1545-1563 ̿ ȴ ƮƮȸȸǴ ǿ ԰, ǿ Ȯ ϰ ij縯 ȸ ij縯ȸ ̹ ȭϿ Ѵٰ Ͽ. ⿡ ׻ Ͽ Ų ٷũ ο Ÿ Ÿ װ ο پ ӿ ο Ͽ. ٷũ Ը Ȯ ̴.

̷ ij縯 ݿ ȭϰ ٷũ , ȸȭ, о߿ Ѷ Ͽµ 17 Ĺ θ ؼ , Ϻ ¸, , Ʃ, ƮƸ Ͽ ̸(18 ʹ) ްϰ Ư ǿ θ Ͽ 1720 ӵǾ.

ٷũ ܾ Ʃ ұĢ ֶ ִµ? ̼簡 ø ٷũ ̼ Ư¡ ׻ ̼ ()ε ٷũ ̼ Ư¡ ȸȭ̶ Ͽ. ׻ ׸ и ü ǥ, ε ٷũ ̳ ü ϴ Ư¡̶ ̴. ׿ܿ ٷũ Ư¡  ̰ شȭ Ư¡ ϴ ̼簡鵵 ִ. ٷũ ô ̼ǰ ġ ۰ ǵ ִ ¡ ˷ ߰ߵȴٰ Ѵ.

ٷũ ô ǥ ȭδ ī(Caravaggio, 1573-1610) Ǫ(Poussin, 1594-1665), ö帣 纥(Rubens, 1577-1640) ȭ ɽ(Velazquez, 1599-1660) ׸ ׵ Ʈ(Rembrandt,1606-1669) ִ.


׸ Ȱ(Resurrection of Christ)

Annibale Carracci, 1593, oil on canvas, 217x160cm(85x63 in)ĸ 긣 ̼

׸ ̿Ͽ ȿ ϴ Ư Ͽ. 귯ø Ͽ  κ ϰ ߶ ϰ ȯ . ׸ ǿ ߾ ̸ Ÿ ׸̴.


<̼ å(10)>

׵ Ȳݽô ̼(Dutch Golden Age)

׵ Ȳݽô ǥ ȭ  ϳ ҽ(Frans Hals>< The Meagre Company, 1633-1637>' Reinier Reael Cornelis Michielsz Blaeuw ϵ'̶ پִ. Oil on canvas, 209X429 cm. Ͻڴ Rijks Ǿ ִ ׸ ϱ ߴ ʻȭ ϳ ι ϻ ϸ ι ǻ ǥ ϰ ׷ ִ.

17 ݷ ű ׵ 80 (1568-1648) ġ鼭? ׵带 ߽ ߴ ̼ ϴµ1585-1702 ñ ִ.

16, , ġ Ҿ ؿ . (Flanders) ī縯 ϸ鼭 ݸ鿡 Ϻ ׵ ȭ? äϰ űȸ ߽ Ͽ.

ο ׵ ȭ ϴ Ǿ ƴ϶ ̲. ׷ ߽̾ ī縯ȸ սǰ Ằ ׵忡 ȭ ľ鼭 ٸ ־ ʿ䰡 εǾ. ٽ ڸ ȸ ̻ ߿ , İε ƴϾ. ׷ ׵忡 ο Ÿ ߴµ ȸ İ ڸ ϰ ̴.

17 ʹݺ 1660 ׵ 鿡Լ ׸ پ ݸ ʻȭӸ ƴ϶ , dzȭ, dzȭ, ׸ ϻ Ȱ Ӱ dzǰ , ڻΰ ϱ Ը 鿡 ׸ ׵ dz ߰ϰ ־.

̷ ׸ ݱ Ϲ ǹ̰ ý Ǿ ϳ ΰ ߿ ġ ִٴ ű а ̵ ߿ ġ ؾ Ѵٴ ö ׵ ޹ħϿ.

׵ Ȳݽô  㹫԰ 㿵 ˷ 㹫ϰ ߱ ִ Ư ͵ ִ. ̶ ʻȭ θ ߴµ ϰ ׷ ȭ ȿ ϰ ϴ Ư ԵǾ.

ô ǥ ȭδ Ʈ , Ҹ ƿ, ϳ׽ 丣̸ Ű ִ.

̽ô ׸ Ư¡δ ʱ ׸ ȭ ڰ پ. ׵ ĮǴ ȸ ȭ ߴ ū ̴. ׿ Բ 帣  ε̳ Ϲε Ȱ, dzȭ, ȭ, dzȭ, ׸? ׸ ׷ȴ.
.

׵ Ȳݽô ǥ ȭ Ʈ ǥ <The Knight Watch(߰) 1642 > ' ݴ ũ ٺθũ κ' پִ. 11ft 11in X 14ft 4in, OIL on Canvas, Ͻ׸ ̼Ǿ ִ.1642⿡ ׸ Ʈ ʻȭ ϳ <߰ >. Ư ȿ , õϿ ÿ ޾Ұ ÿ ͼ ǥ ް ִ

Ʈ? ȭ ׸鼭 ȭμ ȮϿ ׷ 1640 ״ ڽ ߱Ͽ. õ ᱹ װ ȣҷ Եȴ.

 


<̼ å(9)>

ųʸ(Mannerism,)

׻ ̼ ̳ ϵ ڽŸ Ư (ų Ȥ Ÿ) ǰ ϴµ. 1520 ׻ (High Renaissance) ı⿡ ؼ 1600 ٷũ ϱ ӵ ȸȭ, , ñ⸦ ĪѴ.

Ͽ ڷ < ź(Nativity) 翡 Oil Paint ׷ȴ.. 8ft 5in x 6ft in,ۿ 1529?1530.. ȭ Ǵ ȭ ϴ ׻ ô ȭμ ųʸ Ư ̰ ִ ǥ ǰ̴.

ųʸ(mannerism 'manner'() ϴ Żƾ 'maniera' δ ʱ ̶ ȭο ̻? ް ٺġ Ŀ پ缺 ִ ٿ ڿ Ͱ ݴǴ ̸鼭 ΰ Ư¡ ε巯 ִ.?

20 ʹݿ ̼簡 16 ¸ ̼ ׻ ޾鼭 ׻ ̶̼ зϱ ̴ ̼ зϿ ųʸ̶ θ Ǿµ ̴ ̵ ڽŸ ŸϿ ׷ȱ ̴.

1500濡 1539 ׸ƴ Ȱ ı ȭ鿡Ե Ǿ.

ųʸ Ư¡ ?ųʸ ڽŵ Ŵ ݣ ?ڶϴµ ϱ ߴ,Ŀڵ ڰϰ ڶ ֵ Ϸ ʿ信 ǰ ̴̼.

ųʸ ׸ ̴. ü,̻ ڼ, Ƽ ȿ, , ׸ ä Ͽ ϴ Ư ִ.

⿡ ϴ ȭ  Antonio Da Correggio, forentino Pontiormo ׸ Giulio Tomano ִ.,

ٸ θ(Giulio Romano,, 1499-1546) < ̻级 ʻȭ> 翡 Ϸ ׸ ׸ ũ 120 cm  95 cm (47 in  37 in, ۿ 1518̴. Ż ׻ ǰ Ŀ ڿ ųʸ ˷ ٸ θ밡 Ŀ ġ ׸ ˷. ĸ, ڹ Ǿ ִ. .


 

ġ ׻ ̼

ҹݴ (Giovanni Belli,1430-1516) <ʿ >

׻  Բ ׻󽺿 ɐk ǿ ¸ η θ ߽ Ȱ ׻ 밡 ܿ ġ(Ͻ) ߽ Ȱ Ȱ ȭ Ÿ. 1000 ̻ ߽ ؿ ־ Ĺ å ֵθ鼭 ߿ ġ ° Ŀ ¸ ð ϳ.

̷ ġ Ŀ װ ϴ ä ׸ Ư ˷ Ǿ.

̵鰡 ?Ͻ ʱ δ Bellni θ ˷µ  ҹݴ (Giovanni Belli,1430-1516) ô ׸ ؼ ϴ (the Great) ȭ ״ ġ ̼ ̰ ü ŸϷ ٲپ иϰ õõ Ʈ ؼ , پ ׸ڵ ǥϿ.

ȭ ä ڿ ġ ׻ ̼ Ư ?ڸҴ.

Georgeone The Tempest(1908) ?

16⿡ ͼ ?Ͻ ׻ ȭ ߿ ȭδ ?ƼġƳ(Titian,1488-1576) Ű ִ. ״ ġ ȭ ȸȭ Ȳݱ⿡ âȰ ȭ ǰ ׸ ¸ ȷ . ״ Ҹ(Georgione) Բ dzȭ ڽ ׸ ó ȭ̴. ̶ ο Ǵ ƼġƳ Ǹ ä ƾ䷹ Ŀ ׼ 17 ٷũ ׸ ϰ Ǿ.

ƼġƳ(Titian,1488-1576) <Bacchus and Ariadne(1520-23)


 

׻ ̼

ʱ ׻ ׻ ̼ ٸ ñ ٵ õ ȭ Ͽ.

̽ñ ǰ ̼ Թ Ȯ â۵Ǿ ȭ ̶ ̻ ̶ Ҵ.

ٺġ < > ׻󽺱⿡ 鼭 ȭ پ ι, پ Ѵ

ô ǥ ȭδ ٺġ Ŵµ 15 ߿ 16ʱ ȰϿ. ȭ , డ ڷ õ ְ ƴ϶ ڷμ ְ ִµ ״ 39 ü غμ ΰ ̳ ӵ Ȯ ظ Ͽ װ ι ǰ ְ ־.

ٹ̷ â  Ǵ ٹ() ̰ Ͽµ ٹ̶ ִ ü ϰ ָ ִ üϼ Ǫ ̵ǰ ä() ǥϴ ǥ ǰ <𳪸> Űִ. ǰ ü Ǽ ׻ ǥ ǰ̶ ϱ⵵ Ѵ.

׻ ô ǥ̶ ϴ <𳪸>

̿ܿ ׻ ǥ ȭ ̶θ ִ. ٴ 20 Ʒ ̶δ  迴ٰ ȸȭ ݸ ̶δ Ͽ. ǥδ <ǿŸ> ִ. ڱ⿡ ׸ Ӵ ư Ȱ ִ ̴. ̸鼭 ǥ ھƳ ǰܿ <𼼻>, <> ִ.

̶ ǥ :ǿŸ() ()

״ ̿ܿ ȸ û Ͽ <ýƾä õȭ> ׷ȴµõâǽǡ ׸ ٷ鼭 ߼ ȹ ȭ ޸ ̼ Ϻ ȭ ̷ ̸ ߱ ׻ ̼ ġ ̷.

̶ 'õâ"(ýƾä õ ȭ) ߼ ϳ ޸ ϳ ׻ ġ ش.


<̼ å(6)>

ʱ ׻ ̼

ô ƾ̳ ߼ â̰ Ȱ ϴ ô 15 ʹݿ ¸ η Ÿ ִ.

׷ 14 ÿ پ ̵ ־µ ׵  ġ(Duccio 1278-1319) øƼ(Simone Martini 1284-1344) ־ ׵ ڸ ̾ η (Giotto di Bondone 1266-1337) ο ڿǿ 3 ʻȭ ׷ȴ.

ʱ ׻󽺴 , ö, зȰ Բ , ο ǹ߰, ο ߸ Ư ⵵ϴ ô뿴.?̶ ,踦 ̲ ñ ׵ ̵ ⿩ϴ Ŀ Ͽ.

1438 ѳ׽ٹ(Gutenberg 1398-1468) μ ߸ Ư ο ̵ ϴµ ū Ư ƴ. Ư θȭ ٽ Ƴ ׸ ƾ п Ư ޸Ŵ̶ ˷ ǿ ̶̼ ߱ Ǿ.

κڵ  ȭ ٹ ġ ߿伺 Ͽ.

*ʱ ׻󽺽ô뿡 ϰ ִ ̼Ÿ Ÿ ʾҴ.׷ȭ ä غ ü ĵ ǰ ø ġϴ ε巯 Ÿ Ǿ. ׷ ô ̼ Ư¡ ϰ Բ ٹ ο ż ڿǶ .


Ƽÿ(Sandro Boticelli) < ź(The Birth of Venice)>
5ft 8in x 9ft 2in Tempera, Upich Museum of Art. 1484-1486 Florenting painting, Early Renaissance.

ź 15 ׻ ô ȭ Ƽÿ ǥ ׸  ϳ Ż Ƿü ġ ̼ õǾ ִ. θ ȭ ̸ ϴ ٴٿ źϸ鼭 ؾȿ ϴ ׸̴. ׻ ׸̴.

<̼ å(5)>

߼ ̼

߼ ̶̼ θ ƾ ȭ 꿡 Ϻǡ̹Ρ ȭ ȥյǾ ñδ 300 θ ر 1400 ׻ ̼ Ÿ 1õ ߽ ߵ ī Ÿ , Ư¡ پ ִ.

ô Ŀ ü ʱ⵶, θ׽ũ, Ѵ.

ʱ⵶ ̼δ īŸ޿ ׷ ׸ ְ θ Ͽ ִ Ŀ ׸̳ ǰ ִ.

()θ īŸ޿ ׷ ִ < ڵ> () θ Ϲ ִ Junius Bassus

ô ϴ ù õ 1000 θ׽ũ Ÿµ ̰͵ ̸ ûϵ θ ̴. ġ ǹ ô ̰ ȸdzĿ ȭ̳ 纻 ׷ ȭ ֿǰ̾µ ױ þ ڵ ܳ鼭 ̳ ȸ ׸ܿ ϴµ ȭ Ǹ鼭 ȭ ׸ ȭ Ÿ.̶ Ȱ ֿ ȭ ø(Cimabue), ӵ巹 ǻ(Andrea Pisnag), ġ(Duccio) ׸ (Giotto di Bondone) ̵ ׻ ̼ ̾.

̼ Ǵ θ׽ũ ̼ ̾ 12 ߴ ߼ ̼ ̴. ̵ Ư ġ øž ڶϴ ࿡ ε巯 Ư¡ . ̼ ݰ Ϻο η . ̴ 15 ӵǾ ׻  Ǿ. Ʈ , ȭϿ '߸'̶ ǹ̷ µ ׻󽺽ô뿡 ߼̼ ߸ ϰ ׷ ҷ ̴.

Giotto di Bondone ȭ Lamentation() 185x200 CM(72X78 IN)Sorovegni (Arena) Chapel, Padua, Italy

״ 13 ޴ ¸ ȭ, , డμ ٰ ׻ 𵨷μ ū ǹ̸ ´. ƾ ȭ ̱ ٴ ¡ Ͱ ޸ ΰ Ͽ ׻󽺽ô뿡 ǿ ⵶̼ Ǿ.

Sorovegniä ΰ ̶ ׸ ǰ ϳ ڰ ý ε ϴ ̴.

 


<̼ å(4)>

ƾ

<Emperor Justinian Mosaic> San Vitale (c. 546-56)

3 ⵶ θ 鼭 ׸ θ ̼ Ǿ. ġ ϴ صǾ ̴.

ܽźƾ Ȳ 313 ⵶ ϰ θ Ƽ Ű Ŀ ܽźƾ÷ Ͽ. ׷Ƿ ƾ ̶̼ 330 1445 ߴ޵ ̶̼ Ҽ ִ. θͿƮ ߿ ҵ  ƾ ǥϰִ. ű⿡ üǥ ڿ ϳ̳ ڵ̳ ǰ鿡 Ͽ ̾߱ ַ ̾߱ü ̹ .

ƾ ô ǥ ๰ Hagia Sophia

⵶ Ŀ Բ ƾ Ͼ, Ͻ, Ǹ, ׸, þ . ִ ǰ  ַ ȭ ͵ ִµ ַ ϳ ҺϽ ǥϱ Ŀٶ ִ ȸ ϴµ Ǿ. ׿ܿ Ŀٶ ȭ ׸ , ׸ Բϴ ʻü 纻 ִ. ׿ܿ Ŀ ȭ ڵ ȭ ܵ ִµ κ ȭ ̸ ˷ ʰִ. ϳ ϴ ߿ ϰų ϴ ߿ ʴٴ ǹε ϴ.

*ƾ̶ ⵶θ ̶̼ ƴ ٸ鵵 ϰ ִ. ٵ ǥϴµ ǥ ڿ 簡 ƴ϶ ɷ° ź ϴµ ִ. θ Ͻ ýǸ ƾ Ͽ.

<Christ Pantokrator> Hagia Sophia

θ ⵶ ȭ ƾ ̼ ַ ȭ ݼӰ Ǵ 4 Ÿ Ƴ ִ.

ƾ ܽźƼ( ̽ź) ִ ū ȸ Hagia Sophia ޼տ ְ ູϱ Ͽ ִ <Christ Pantokrator> ̸ ׷ ִ.

Pantokrator "Ͻź"̶ ġϽô ̶ ǹε ׸ ΰ Ͻð Ŵٴ ǹ̸ ִ.

Hagia Sophia 6 ´Ͼ Ȳ Ǿ <Christ Pantokrator> ִ Ŀٶ Ŀ <deesis(⵵) ƿ ǹ޴ 鿡 ں Ǯ ޶ ⵵ϴ 1261 濡 Ǹ 翡 Ǹ 򰡵ǰ ִ.

ǰ ƾ ̼ǰ ϰ ε巯 Ư¡̸ װ͵ ں 󱼿 Ÿ ִ.

<deesis(⵵)> Hagia Sophia


<̼ å(3)>

θ ̼

()θ ִ θô (Pantheon) Ƶ׿ ִ ׸ ()ŭ ưưϰ ǿ δ.

5 ׸ ֺ ɵϾ ˷ ª Ⱓȿ ׸, 丣þ, ε ϴ븦 Ͽ ȭ ﷹ̶ Ͽµ װ׸ ȭ ȭ ˷ ڽ̳ ȭ и ִ Դϴ.

θ ִ . ׸ ๰ ϰ ִ.

׷ ϰԵ ˷ 쿡 ϸ鼭 丣þ ﷹ ȭ صǾ ¸ θ ۵Ǿ ظ ߽ Ż θ ϴ븦 ϸ鼭 θȭ ϴ ȭ ϰ Ǿϴ. ¸ ϴ 7 ׸ ġ Ʒ ־ 2 θ ׸ ϸ鼭 θ 踦 ް Ǿ⶧ ȭδ â ׸ȭ ޾ θ ׸ ̾ް Ǿϴ.

θ ׸ ̼ ̰ θ ̳ డ ǰ  ׸ ȸȭ ͵ ⿡ ֽϴ. Ŀ θ ȮǸ鼭 ȮǾ ǿ ȭϴ ȭ ϴ.

 

()θ ô(14-29 ) < Ÿ ƿ׽> 204cm 븮 ǰ. Ƽĭ ī̸Ƽ ̼ . () 440, ũ佺 û θô뿡 븮 <â û>̴ йڹ θ ڿ ׸ ̷.

θô Ͽ콺 " ְ ǥ 'ڿ Ϻ ' ϸ޽ý(Nimesis) ִ" Ͽϴ.

׷ ô밡 帣鼭 ׷ ϰ Ǿϴ.

* ƾ ̼ ٷڽϴ.


<̼ å(2)>

׸ ̼

׸ ๰ ׸

ô ȭ Ŀ 빮ȭ ߻ ߽ ϰȭ ȭ ๰ ǰ ߰ߵǾ κ Ƹٿ ߱ϴ ǰ̶ ٴ ȥ Ƚó Ѵٴ ų ǿ ʿ信 ̷ ͵ κ̾ϴ. Ʈǽũ Ƕ ׸ ȭ Դϴ.

Ƹٿ ߱Ͽ ǰ ׸ ۵Ǿٰ ֽϴ. Ƹٿ ߾ ȭ ⺻ Ͽ ׸ ̼ ̿ 翹 ٰ ݱ ӵǾ ̼ ⺻ Ǿ Դϴ.

̳뽺 ȭ

̿Ͱ ̼翡 ⺻ Ǵ ׸ 踦 Ÿ ػ ϴ ũŸ(Creta) ϰ Ƽ׸ Ż ȭ ƴ϶, ڱ α ׸ ϸ鼭 ۵Ǿٰ ϰڽϴ. 20 ʿ ߱ ũŸ ̳뽺 ȭ 1600, ְ ֽϴ.

â ô

̵ 鼭 ׸ ߽ ֺ ñ ̷ ȭ ׸ ȭ մϴ. ñ ϸ ȭ ϰ ſ ž Ͽ ̵ ÷ Ǵ ǿ øǾƿ () Բ ׵ ⸮ ⳪ ü ,ǰ濬 鼭 Ʈʹ ٸ ȭ ϴ. ̷ ׸ 1 θ DZ 1,000 ӵǾϴ.

Ϲ ׸ ô Ŀ 4ñ ϴµ ù° 11 700 (geometric)ñ θ ñ θϴ. δ ٴ .ַ ڱ ̿ ã ִ ̽ô ̼ Ư¡ ݺ Դϴ.

ñⰡ 620 丣þ 480 dz(Ƹīũ,Archaic)ô θµ ô ġ, , ȭ, ܱ ̷ ñ Ŀ ãƿ Ȳݽô ׾ҽϴ. ô ǰδ ι ׷ ִ ڱ ֽϴ. ġ, ȭ, о߿ Ȳݽô븦 ̷ 480⿡ 323 (classical) θµ ,  ֽϴ.

dzô ǰ Ī ߱ λ ش

׸ ˷ Ǽϰ ׸ ȭ Ȯ, ȭǴ 323 30 ȭ ﷹ(Hellenistic) ̶ θ Ÿ ο ̼ ° ô ׸ ̼ Ư¡ ô ׸ ° پ缺 ׸ ȭ Ƹٿ Ͽϴ. ̷ ͵ θ 鿡 Ǿ ̵ ׽ϴ.

150 濡 Ʈ Ű ܰ Ƶ ̵ ָ ޴ ׸ ﷹ ô Ƹٿ ȭ ڶѴ.


479 Ƶ 丣þȵ ħ Ƴϴ. ׵ ο ڽŰ ȭ Ͽµ ô뿡 ̵ ̸ ó ˷ Ǿϴ. Ŭ佺,ǵƽ, ̶, ڷ ̻ Ƹ ִµ մϴ.

'Dorypholos'(â û) 440 濡 Ŭ佺 û θô ī. öڷ 4⿡ . 븮 ǰ ǰ ȴ. ׸ ̹ 4 ̸ .

*ȸ θ ٷڽϴ.

 


 

̼ å(1)

<Ǫ> â̷ 11⵿ Galleryǡȭ󡯶 ؼ 130 ȭ ؼ ٿ Ұ Խϴ.

Ա ̼  ̱⵵ ϴ.

ظ ϸ鼭ȭ (format,) ٲپ մϴ. ȭ ε鿡 Ұ ߽ ǰ ϴ movement߽ ̼ 帧 Ұϸ鼭 ǥ ǰ ̼ ʿ ĵ ڴ ǵ ô ' ̼' ེƮϴ ̼ ̸ ô ҿ Ѷ ȭ ׵ ǥ ǰ ⱳ Բ ˾ƺ մϴ.

ؼ Ǿ ϴ ٶ Ѱ踦 ˱⿡ ĥ ִٴ ̸ 帳ϴ. ϴ ڼ Ϸ մϴ.

*Susie Hodge <The Short Story of Art> ް ֽϴ.

ô ' ̼'

ڵ Ϻ ׷ ִ ū Ȳ

̼ ӵ ̳ ׸ ǰ ̶ ̾߱ϴ ϴ ̸ װ 츮 Ϲ θ ֽϴ.

̼簡 ̼ ô ε ϴ ׷ִ ȭ ãֽϴ. ΰ Ȱ 50 ö װ͵ ΰ ΰ ǰ ִ?ϴ ǹ DZ⿡ ô ̶̼ 5⿡ 3000 ̿ ̼ǰ ǹϸ ̼ ֽϴ.

̷ پ ô뿡 , پ ҿ ׷ ǰ Եɼ ְ ô ̶ϸ Ϲ ȸ žӵ ǥϴƯ ֽϴ.

ʽι̶ϴ ô ׸ ǰ ߰ߵƴµ 踦 dz並 ¡ϴ ֽϴ. ǥ 28,000-25,000 ̿ Ʈ ʽ ̸ Ʈƿ ô ǰ ߰ߵǾϴ. ׷ ̼ ⿡ ʹ ѵ մϴ.

̳ ä ģ.

1 ô ǰ̱ ڵ Ŵ Ϻ 鸶 Ȳ, 罿, ҵ ̳ ä ҵ ׷ ִ ߰Ͽϴ. 16,000-14,000 ̿ ׷ Ǵ ׸ ؼ ǰߵ кմϴٸ ϴ ǽ Ѱ ƴѰ?ϴµ ǰߵ ġմϴ. Ͻô ȭ ο ߰ߵǾϴ.

ȿ 'Ȳҵ ȸ'̶ θ ִµ ʾϺ 130 µ ׸ ߻ ε ׷ ֽϴ. Ȳҿ ϼ, 罿 ̷ ְ Ϻ ַ µ ̵ ׷ ִµ ̴µ ϰ ׷ ֽϴ.  ɾ ҵ ĥϿ ѷϰ ǰ ֽϴ.

̵ ̿ܿ 빮ȭ ߻ Ѽ ̼ǰ ȭ ߱ǰ ̼翡 ȭ ǰ鿡 ׸ θ ̾ ̼縦 ֽϴ.

130 Ѵ ° ε ׸1 5õ ̴.

* ׸ ̼ Ͽ ٷڽϴ.

<Ǫ-̸ ذ Ǫ Ÿ>